Elastic-fluid turbine.



B. LJUNGSTROM.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27 1908.

- Patented Apr. 20, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventor.

B. LJUNGSTRGM.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APYLIOATION FILED MAR. 27, 1908.

Patented Apr. 20, 1909.

Inventor.

Witnesses.

L/MMM B. LJUNGSTROM.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27, 1908.

Patented Apr. 20, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Inventma Witnesses.

nriesr rc snurn TURBINE.

To cZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EIRGER LJUNes'rnoM, of 18 Gi'efniagnigatan,Stockholm, Sweden, civil engineer, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, Com vressors, and Such Like andi. do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of ierencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in elastic fluid turbines whichare operated by the gradual expansion of the driving medium betweenrelatively movable vane rings ar ranged in con centric grou s. Thesevane of ti 'o oppositely rotatable vane disks mounted-on separate shaftsor arranged with pne or more vane syste ns stationary and the othersrotary. in the latter case a rotating system is usually arranged on eachside of a rotating disk and the stationary systems on both faces of thecasing.

In a double vane ring the axial pres sure of the driving medium isbalanced, in that the medium has access to hot-h sets of vanes, While in.a single rotary vanesystem one of the sets of vanes is replaced bybaiiling devices, placed between the rotary disk and the stationary partof the turbine casing.

he economy oi the turbine do fiends, to a great extent, on the amount oflcalrage of the driving medium past the outer edges of the vane rings,and the amount of leakage depends upon the distance between the rotaryand the stationary parts during the working of the turbine. Thisdistance, however, must, under all circumstances, be sufiiciently greatto prevent contact of the parts due to varying pressure or contractionor expain 4 5 sion due to the varying temperature.

The object of the invention'is to provide means for adjusting thevarious parts ofthe turbine to compensate for the changes in form due tothe causes named.

In the accompanying drawings :-Figure l is a vertical section of aradial turbine einbodying the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is avertical section of an adjusting mechanisnn Figs. to 6 are verticalsections of 5 mourned forms of turbines having my inon thereto.

rings may be mounted on tne opposing faces Specification of LettersPatent.

Application filed Her-oh 2'? retemedh zaeo, icon.

,1905. Seriai No, 423,684;

e two disks as i, ,e h' fastened to separate shai't l and carryingplurality of vanes mounted in concentric rows and arranged to the disksin opposite directions. The axialpressure of the driving iiiediuinbetween thrfdislcs is, usual, balanced by the driving medium leakingthrough battling 3 driving medium is supplied to the vanes and bafflingplates througl'i an. inlet 4 and channels 5 and escapes through anoutlet 6 in the housing 7.

One set of bathing plates 3 are as'usual. mounted on the outer faces ofthe disks but instead of mounting the cooperating bafiie plates on theinner Walls of the turbine housing, in the usual manner, I providenon-rotatable adjustable pressure plates 8 and 12 inside the turbinehousing 7 between said inner Walls and the outer faces of the disks.Said plates are mounted in the side walls of the housing" formingjournals for the shafts project beyond the peripheries re connectedtogether by means 9 so tl all axial )ressure is the llw Stufiing boxesas dcd around. shafts and. that portion of the pressure plates 8 and 12which project into the housing and form a fluid tight connection betweenthese parts.

By the provision of the pressure plates the warmer driving medium may beconducted to the vanes of the turbine through channels in one or both ofthe plates Without the resulting expansion of the plates beinconiniunicatcd to the housing. This is or great iinportanhc, especiallyin radial turbines having a central inlet for the driving niediuzn,whore diflcrences in tension between the warm inlet and cooler outletcannot, in axial turbines, be coui'itorbalanced along a long intcrlyingturbine drum.

The inlet 4% ifor the starting and the inlet for the overcharging may asshown, be

formed in the pressure plates 8 and. 12 respectively. The overcharginginlet comniunicates by means of channels 13, in the pressure .)ltt8 12and channels 14 in the disks, Wit vane interspace '15 and the startinginlet 1 also communicates with said interspace through channels 14.Outlets 16 and 17 may likewise be arranged in the pressure plates forthe driving medium which leaks These inlets tirough the shaft journals,

provide for the expansion and contrsction oithe pressure plates. The

tube 19 b means of a screw bolt 21 connecth the housing comprises two edto tube i8 and extending through an outer con The inlet is slunvnconnected with the by means of a tube which is conr cted to end extendsfrom the pressure plate a stulling box 23 on the housing.

and outlet are shown conoorts in the housing by means not. 16respectively. r-evcnt the pressure plates, n heated by the enteringiron, from being cooled to en" so by be cold escaping driving ound saidplates with any suitulatihg medium as indicated by its berm-c.siontimicd the pressure disks connected. by staybolts. This con v becarried out in other once by means of a perforated sou 1e other devicewhich )ermits the of driving nie'om. f be 1 be placed close to the rotatturbinedi la and. be vane shaped in crosssection, thcr giv medium suchou' esser medium I .ig the escaping driving duisrent oi being conductedto Lilli i the screw bolts ie ed to be the most practical Wed b means 0the nuts 1g turned by means of a key through a stulling box in. l otbermeans for ofedjustment comprises, as ii 9 a comet c ring 2 arnehouse,and earing by solihg with all the being thus turned .llZ turned. T his ce engentially 1 correspond-- u Y .J J.

passing out toiougn. i

but screw ac- A the stay bol may be reoleced by a Wedge device, whereincan be operated upon from the he turbine The characteristic feature ofthese d lierent adjusting deyi consists the i V111 that they are allconnected "with and may be influenced. by 'uts which pass through theand are accessible from the uit mounted in the housing.

t of the mutual dlstanceoi during the running oil the respectively areprovir d with sides 34, 34* respectively. in Fig. the balancing pressureis received by stationary plate 35 which is connected to the side cover34 by means of stay bolts 37 While in Fig. 4 said pressure is receivedby e stationary plate 36 connected to the turbine housing by means ofbolts 37. In both figures the rotating disk 38 is provided with vanes onone side only. in Fig. 5 l have shown a single disk 29 having vanesmounted on both sides; the axial pressure of the driving medium beingbalanced by stationary yene systems n1ount ed on pressure plates 30 and31 situated on both sides of the disk inside the turbine liousing andconnected to each other by means of stpy bolts The driving medium isconducted to the vanes through aninlet chan nel 33.

As shown in Fig. 6, the wall of the turbine housing next to the pressureplate 39 may be omitted by forming a suitable connection between saidplate and the housing. This may be done by increasing the Width of theperiphery of the pressure plate to allow for its movement on the housingand by interposing a suitable packing ring as 40 between a. portion. ofsaid periphery and the housing.

Types of elastic fluid turbines may without any great amount ofalteration be adapted to dynamic compressors and the present inventionmay with advantege be also applied to radial compressors.

I claim:-

1. lira turbine, casing, a rotatable member mounted therein, and apressure plate nounted opposite the rotatable member, said pressureplate beingconnected with a fixed part by means of members located beyond the p heryof said rotatable member.

in a turbine, a casing, a rotatable member niountcd therein, and apressure plate mounted opposite the rotatable member, said pressureplate being connected with the turbine casing by means of memberslocated beyond the periphery of said rotatable memo. in a turbine,turbine casing, a rotatable member therein, an adjustable member mountedopposite the rotating member, and means Within the casing beyond theperiphery of the rotating member to actuate the adustablc member.

4-. in a turbine, a turbine casing, a rota tab! member mounted therein,an adjustable pressure plate mounted ooposite the latter and axiallyconnected with the casing, and adjusting devices for the pressure platebe yond the periphery of the rotatable member.

In a turbine, a turbine casing, a rotatable member therein, a pressureplate opp0- "to the latter, and stays beyond the periphoi. the rotateblemember connecting the and pressure plate.

ily.

turbine casing, a rota-' table Inember therein, a pressure plate oppo-7. in a turbine, a turbine casing, a. rotatable member therein,epressure plate opposite the letter, adjusting stays within the casingbeyond the periphery of the rotatable member connecting thepressure-plate and casing, and means outside the casing to actuate thestays.

8. In a turbine, it turbine casing, a roteteble member therein,epre'ssure plate opposite the letter, adjusting stays Within the casingbeyond the periphery of the rotatable member connecting the pressureplate and casing and means journsled in the casing to actuate the stays.t

9. In a. turbine, a turbine casing, e rotatable member therein,anormelly stationary member movably mounted in the well-0f the casingopposite the rotatable member, and

stay-rods within the casing beyenrl the pe riphery of the rotatablemember eormeethig the stationary member with the casing.

10. In a, turbine, it turbine easing, .e nermelly stationary memberhaving a central support projecting into thecesing, a. packingsurrounding the support, a shaft extendingthrough the stationary member,e rotatable member fixed on the she-ft, stay-rods eon- .neeted with thestationary member within the casing beyond the periphery of ther0tetable member adapted to adjust seid stationary member, and meansoutside the ea ing to actuate the stay-rods.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signedmy name in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

BIRGER .LJUNGSTRQM. \J'itnesses: i

HJALMAR. ZErrnRsTRer/r, K. E. FRIBERG.

